Water hyacinth – Kulavazha
Family: Pontederiaceae
Botanical name: Eichhornia Crassipes
Kulavazha, African payal, Neerpola
Water hyacinth is a free-floating perennial aquatic plant
(or hydrophyte) native to tropical and sub-tropical South America. With broad,
thick, glossy, ovate leaves, water hyacinth may rise above the surface of the
water as much as 1 meter in height. The leaves are 10–20 cm across, and float
above the water surface. They have long, spongy and bulbous stalks. The
feathery, freely hanging roots are purple-black. An erect stalk supports a
single spike of 8-15 conspicuously attractive flowers, mostly lavender to pink in
colour with six petals. When not in bloom, water hyacinth may be mistaken for
frog's-bit (Limnobium spongia).
One of the fastest growing plants known, water hyacinth
reproduces primarily by way of runners or stolons, which eventually form
daughter plants. It also produces large quantities of seeds, and these are
viable up to thirty years. The common water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) are
vigorous growers known to double their population in two weeks.
Water hyacinth has been widely introduced in North
America, Asia, Australia, Africa and New Zealand. They can be found in large
water areas such as Louisiana, or in the Kerala Backwaters in India.
The Whole plant of Kulavazha is used for goiter, swelling
and burning sensation.
Pic:Kerala